How geothermal energy is used to produce electricity - Test 8
IELTS_ACADEMIC · Ielts Writing Task1 · Cambridge IELTS 12 Academic, Cambridge University Press
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. Write at least 150 words.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
https://cdn.cambridgeready.com/images/5bd08087504465a4dcf2da323ba4a153cd848fd257a9b77ef3c08031544e696d.avif
The diagram below shows how geothermal energy is used to produce electricity.
Geothermal power plant
Process diagram titled 'Geothermal power plant', in cross-section: the power plant sits on the surface at the top, and below the ground line a large shaded band of rock is labelled 'Geothermal zone (hot rocks)', reached by two vertical wells about 4.5 km deep. Five numbered stages are marked. (1) A tank of cold water on the left feeds a shaft going straight down; the arrow inside it is labelled 'Cold water pumped down'. (2) At the foot of that shaft, on the left, is 'The injection well', from which arrows run horizontally to the right through the geothermal zone, so the water is heated as it passes through the hot rocks. (3) On the right, arrows converge upward into 'The production well', and the arrow in the right-hand shaft is labelled 'Hot water pumped up'. (4) At the surface the hot water arrives at a 'Condenser', drawn with a cloud of vapour above it, which sends 'Steam' leftwards to the next stage. (5) The steam drives a 'Turbine' (annotated 'powered by steam'), which in turn drives a 'Generator' (annotated 'powered by turbine and produces electricity'); an arrow runs from the generator out to an electricity pylon on the left, carrying the current away. The cycle is continuous: cold water goes down the injection well, is heated in the geothermal zone, returns up the production well, becomes steam through the condenser, and the steam turns the turbine and generator to make electricity.
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