Urban gum crime - Unit 8

C2 Proficiency · Multiple Choice Cloze · Objective Proficiency 2nd Edition Workbook, Cambridge University Press

For questions 1–8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.

discard

dispose

dispense

disperse

ranked

classified

systematised

codified

at any rate

anyway

even so

indeed

fix

compel

impose

prescribe

features

declares

focuses

highlights

make

provoke

grow

raise

no doubt

for sure

of course

within reason

Scraping

Clawing

Scratching

Rubbing

The Mayan tribes of South America would chew chicle, a natural form of rubber, while the Ancient Greeks (0) ___ the resin of a mastic shrub. In modern Britain, we like to chew sticks and tablets of manufactured gum – and (1) ___ of the tasteless sticky residue on the ground. However, recent legislation in the UK means that used chewing gum is now (2) ___ as litter and anyone who drops it on the pavement or (3) ___ in any public place is committing a crime and can be fined. Some areas have council litter wardens who can (4) ___ on-the-spot fines. A new government campaign (5) ___ the extent of the problem and aims to (6) ___ awareness about this anti-social habit, for instance with posters in shopping areas. Throughout the UK, councils spend £150m a year removing chewing gum from the streets, and £4m of that is in London alone. Indirectly, this is (7) ___ taxpayers' money. (8) ___ is the main removal method, but use is also made of chemical sprays, freezing, pressurized water and steam.

Urban gum crime

favoured

approved

commended

indulged

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